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29/1/2010 On the mission and concept of roles of gatekeepers in intelligence organizations: The case of the Israeli Security Agency

Arie Rotter

Intelligence organizations such as the Israeli Security Agency (Shabak/ ISA), The Institute for Intelligence and Special Operations (the Mossad), intelligence units in the IDF (AMAN) and in the Israel Police and their likes, are characterised by the special nature of their operations, which cast a heavy burden of responsibility on the shoulders of those in charge of them, accompanied by the challenge to sustain the whole spectrum of their activities within the frames of the law, integrity and subject to proper administration rules. This challenge is especially prominent in matters related to foiling - predictive - activities, which by their nature depend deeply on assessment of reality which did not occur yet, and sometimes involve violation of human rights and characterised by careful threading upon and problematic proximity to the boundaries of lawfulness.

This document, dealing with the roles of the gatekeepers - internal auditor and legal advisor - attempts to describe the aforementioned problematicalness and mechanisms to cope with it. The subject of the detailed analysis is the Israeli Security Agency, the author comes from, but it also offers inspiration and directions of thought to those engaged in the efforts of the intelligence organizations through special emphasis on their foiling activity.

The document is published with the permission of the Research Center of the National Defense College of Israel (INDC).


21/1/2010 Pakistan, the Radicalization of the Jihadist Movement and the Challenge to China

Ely Karmon

This paper gives a short comprehensive overview of Pakistan's historical role in the emergence, development and radicalization of jihadist movements since the 1980s. India, as well as faraway states like the US and the UK, has suffered from this jihadist phenomenon. Since the early 1990s, China, one of Pakistan's major neighbors and friends, has not been immune from a growing Uighur jihadist movement which has found sanctuary in Afghan and Pakistani territory and threatens the stability and security of its Xinjiang Province, and beyond. The challenge of this dangerous phenomenon risks carrying on if the Pakistani government and military will not put an end to it.

First published in Journal of Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies (in Asia), Vol. 3 , No. 3, 2009.


1/1/2010 2009 Summary – Data and Trends in Terrorism the Israel Security Agency

Israel Security Agency (Shabak)

Annual summary regarding terrorist threats to Israel, issued by the Israel Security Agency (Shabak).

28/12/2009 Pre-empting Terror Bombings—A Comparative Approach to Anticipatory Self-Defense

Amos Guiora

This article specifically focuses on anticipatory self defense and intelligence gathering in an effort to proactively prevent terror bombings.

Article is forthcoming in University of Toledo Law Review, Vol. 41, 2010.


19/12/2009 The Saudi Double-Game:The Internet “Counter-Radicalization” Campaign in Saudi Arabia

Jonathan Fighel

This article provides a comprehensive analysis of Saudi Arabia's double-standard approach to ideological counter-radicalization. Saudi de-radicalization efforts are examined in the context of their ideological, religious and historical status, revealing a plethora of complex issues and inconsistencies.  

6/12/2009 Hizballah as a Social Movement Organization: A Framing Approach

Emmanuel Karagiannis

Hizballah is more than just an armed group; it is a social movement organization. The article shows how framing theory can explain Hizballah’s growing popularity in Lebanon. It follows David Snow and Robert Benford’s division of framing into three categories: diagnostic, prognostic and motivational. Indeed, Hizballah has adopted certain diagnostic, prognostic and motivational frames in order to transmit messages to selected audiences. Its frames are not static, but rather flexible to changing political and socio-economic circumstances. In addition, Hizballah has endorsed the master frames of pan-Islamism, human rights and anti-globalization that could confer legitimacy to the group’s aims.

Article first published in
Mediterranean Politics Journal, 14: 3, 365 - 383.

15/11/2009 Special Services Group & Pak-Sponsored Terrorism

B. Raman

Pakistani Special Service Group (SSG) officers, serving and retired, have gravitated to the world of terrorism. New evidence suggests that elements of both the Pakistani Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI) and the SSG are facilitating knowledge of commando-style operations among Pakistan's jihadi arena

First Published in the SAIR International Terrorism Monitor, Paper No.578


10/10/2009 Waziristan: A Stygian Dark

Ajai Sahni

After months of ‘preparation’ – massive and often indiscriminate bombings in the region, as well as the massing of Forces, blockades and endless curfews – there are now credible reports that the Pakistan Army is poised to ‘storm’ the principal strongholds of the Islamist terrorist groupings affiliated to the al Qaeda – Taliban – Tehrik-e-Taliban Pakistan complex, in Waziristan.

First published in South Asia Intelligence Review (SAIR), Weekly Assessments & Briefings, Volume 8, No. 13, October 5, 2009


20/8/2009 Somali Piracy: An Escalating Security Dilemma

Shani Ross and Joshua Ben-David

Piracy off the coast of Somalia has grown exponentially in recent years. This paper will explain the growing trend, which is the result of a number of factors, including the unstable political environment, the collapsed economy and the presence of Islamic terror groups in Somalia. The research concludes that only a unified stance by the international community that addresses a two-part strategy can facilitate the eradication of Somali piracy. If the global actors involved do not enhance cooperation in the fight against piracy while simultaneously enacting measures to improve stability in Somalia, global commercial trade will continue to suffer from extortion, and Islamic radicalism in Somalia will continue to thrive and potentially overtake the country.

12/8/2009 Chechen Jihad: An Analytical Overview

Gideon Scher

This report offers an analytical overview of the Chechen Jihad arena, addressing the roots of Radical Jihad in Chechnya, the current situation in the area, and the major players (past and present) in the conflict. The report examines the link between Chechen Jihad and Global Jihad,  as well as recruitment mechanisms, training and funding aspects of the Chechen arena.
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