The Double Game of Hizballah
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Organization
Organization
Abu Sayyaf
Al Qaeda
Al Shabab
Al-Nusra Front
AQAP
AQIM
Boko Haram
Hamas
Hezbollah
Hizb-ut-Tahrir
ISIS
LTTE
MILF
Palestinian Islamic Jihad
PKK
PLO
Uighurs
From Date
To Date
Attack
Attack
Assassinations
CBRN
Cyber Attack
Hostage Taking
IED
Kidnapping
Rocket
Shooting
Stabbing
Suicide Bombing
Tunnels
VBIED (Car Bomb)
Region
Region
Afghanistan
Africa
Argentina
Asia
Australia
Balkans
Brazil
Canada
Chechnya
Congo
Egypt
Europe
Gaza
Iran
Iraq
Israel
Jordan
Latin America
Lebanon
Middle East
Nigeria
North America
Pakistan
Paraguay
Russia
Saudi Arabia
Somalia
South America
Syria
Tri-Border Area
Turkey
USA
Yemen
Author:
Author
Abadi, Shlomo
Abargel, Avi (Col. Ret. Dr.)
Ackerman, Gary (Dr.)
Adamsky, Dmitry (Dima) (Prof.)
Adato, Orit (Lt. Gen. Ret.)
Addicott, Jeffrey F. (Prof.)
Adiri, Jonathan
Aharonishki, Shlomo (Commissioner Ret.)
Ahmad, Mansour (Mr.)
Ahmet S Yayla
Akerele, Toulu
Alhaji Buba, Imrana
Ali, Rashad
Alice Marzi
Alik Ron (Maj. Gen. Ret.)
Allo, Betania
Almog, Doron (Maj. Gen. Res.)
Almoz, Moti (Brig. Gen.)
Amar, Eli
Ambreen, Agha
Amit, Arieh (Maj. Gen. Ret.)
Amro, Rateb (Dr. Col. Ret.)
Anderson, Kara
Angel Toma, Miguel (H.E.)
Anti Defamation League
Arad, Eyal
Arad, Uzi (Prof.)
Aran, Gideon (Prof.)
Arditi, Dani (Brig. Gen. Res.)
Arieh-Parnell, Sarah
Arieli, Mickey
Ariely, Gil-Ad (Dr.)
Ashkenazi, Gabi (Lt. Gen. Ret.)
Atad, Erga (Dr.)
Atiyas Lvovsky, Lorena
Atteridge, Amber
Avihai, Hillel (Dr.)
Avman Oren, (.Brig. Gen. Res)
Ayalon, Danny (Amb.)
Ayalon, Shachar (Commissioner Ret.)
Azani, Eitan (Dr.)
Aziza, Benjamin
Bacci, David
Bachvarova, Rumiana (H.E.)
Bacon, Tricia (Dr.)
Bacon, Tricia (Dr.)
Bagley, Stephanie (Lt. Col.)
Baidatz, Yossi
Baker, Rodger
Bale, Jeffrey M.
Baliani, Diego
Balkani, Avner (Lt. Col. Res.)
Banks, William (Prof.)
Bansal, Alok (Capt.)
Bar Shalom, Amir
Barak, Michael (Dr.)
Bardají, Rafael L.
Barducci, Anna Mahjar
Barnidge, Robert P. Jr.
Barniv Ravit
Barsky, Yehudit
Bartel, Jeremy (LTC)
Basava, Kiran
Bauer, Alain (Prof.)
Bauer, Katherine
Behar, Gideon (Amb.)
Ben Artzi, Asher (Chief Supt. Ret.)
Ben Avraham, Ariela Brig. Gen. (Res.)
Ben David, Alon
Ben Dayan, Ariel
Ben Efraim, Rami (Brig. Gen. Res.)
Ben Yaakov, Uri Lt. Col. (Res.)
Benaglia, Stefania
Ben-Eliyahu, Eitan (Maj. Gen. Res.)
Bengio, Ofra (Prof.)
Benichou, David (The Honorable Judge)
Ben-Meir, Eli (.Brig. Gen. Res)
Bennett, Naftali (H.E MK)
Ben-Shalom, Reuven (Col. Res.)
Ben-Shoshan, Abraham (Adm. Res.)
Ben-Simhon, Ron
Ben-Zedeff, Eviathar H. (Dr.)
Ben-Zur, Barak (Dr. Col. Res.)
Beres, Louis Rene
Bergen, Peter
Bergman, Bar
Beri, Dafne
Berko, Anat (Dr.)
Berkowitz, Peter (Prof.)
Berman, Eran
Berman, Ilan
Berman, Paul
Bernfeld, Catriel (Adv.)
Berti, Benedetta (Dr.)
Besenyő, János (Lt. Col.)
Bettane, Patrick
Beyler, Clara
Bhattacharya, Sanchita
Bibi, Arie (Dr.)
Bigot, Adèle
Bin Noon, Chemi
Biran (Biko), Yakov (Brig. Gen. Ret.)
Biran, Yoav (Amb.)
Bitzur, Avi (Dr.)
Blank, Laurie (Prof.)
Bligh, Alexander (Prof.)
Blitzblau, Oren (Maj.)
Blitzblau, Oren (Maj.)
Blitzblau, Oren (Maj.)
Bloom, Nicholas
Blum, Yaron
Bohm, Vera
Bollag, Josef (Dr.)
Boms, Nir (Dr.)
Bongers, Rob
Borg, Annika (Dr.)
Borochovitz, Eldad
Bozna, Menachem (Comm. Ret.)
Brabbing, Arik
Brackman, Nicole
Brady, Edward (LTC)
Brand Amit
Braniff, William
Brisard, Jean-Charles
Broshi, Yoav (Dr.)
Bruchi, Céline
Bruguière, Jean-Louis (Judge)
Brun, Itai (Brig. Gen. Res.)
Burn, Catherine (Deputy Commissioner)
Butler, John Robert
Byman, Daniel (Prof.)
Callimachi, Rukmini
Camus, Jean-Yves
Cannan, Chris (Amb)
Carmi, Adi
Carmon, Daniel (Amb. Ret.)
Carp, Hezi (Chief Superintendent)
Carter, Sean (Adv.)
Cavari, Amnon (Dr.)
Chaulia, Sreeram
Chayot, Eran (Dr.)
Chen, Dvorah (Adv.)
Chen, Weixiong
Chertoff, Michael (H.E)
Chessoni, Jon
Clark, Emma
Clarke, Colin P. (Dr.)
Coaker, Vernon (Rt. Hon.)
Coan, Michael (Chief)
Cohen, Ariel
Cohen, Daniel
Cohen, Efraim
Cohen, Ronen (Col. Res.)
Cohen, Shuki (Prof.)
Col. Guy
Cole, Leonard A. (Prof.)
Comerford, Milo (Mr.)
Cominetti, Valentina
Coninsx, Michèle
Consolino, Sara
Cook, Joana (Dr.)
Corcoran, Eugene J.
Corn, Geoffrey S. (Prof.)
Cotler, Irwin (Prof.)
Counter Terrorism Today
Coven, Melody (Mostow)
Crelinsten, Ronald (Prof.)
Crenshaw, Martha (Prof.)
Cronin, Naomi
Cruickshank, Paul
Cunningham, James
Cyber Desk
Dagan, Meir (Maj. Gen. Res.)
Dagan, Yotam
Dahri, Noor
Daloglu, Tulin
Danino, Yohanan (Commissioner Ret.)
Danon,Eric (Amb.)
Daskal, Jennifer (Prof.)
Daskal, Yossi (Col. Ret.)
Database Desk
Davis, Jonathan
Dayan, Uzi (Maj. Gen. Res.)
Dayton, Keith W. (Lt. Gen. Ret.)
De Cuia, Chiara
de Kerchove, Gilles
De Klerk, Piet (Amb.)
de la Corte Ibáñez, Luis
de Michele, Matthew (Dr.)
Deliso, Chris
der Weduwen, (Timothy)
DeWit, Hannah
Diamant, Ilan (Dr.)
Dichter, Avi (MK)
Dickstein,Phineas (Prof.)
Diker, Dan
Dixon, Rob (Deputy Amb.)
Dolev, Eran (Prof.)
Dolnik, Adam (Prof.)
Doron, Hadar (Lt. Col. Res.)
Dotti, Francesco
Doukhan, David (Dr.)
Doukhan, David (Dr.)
Downing, Michael (Deputy Chief)
Draznin, Joseph (Dr.)
Drori, Zeev (Prof.)
D'Souza, Kirk
Duchesneau, Jacques
Duvdevani, Eran (Col. Res.)
Dykan, Eyal (Lt. Col. Res.)
Dzikansky, Mordecai
Echeverría, Carlos
Efrati, Rami Brig. Gen. (Res.)
Efron, Shira (Dr.)
Eichhorst, Kristina (Dr.)
Eid, Bassem
Eilam, Uzi (Brig. Gen. Ret.)
Eilat, Dakar (Col. Res.)
Eisin, Miri (Col. Ret.)
Elimelech, Oren
Eliraz, Giora (Dr.)
Elis, Niv
Eliyahu, Avi (Col. Res.)
Elkaim, Zachary
Engebrethsen Smith, Tuva Julie
Erdan, Gilad (H.E MK)
Erez, Noy (Adv.)
Erkan, Ozgur
Erlich, Reuven (Dr.)
Eshed, Gadi
Essmaeel, Fadi (Dr.)
Evans, Alexander (Dr.)
Eyal, Maya
F. G.
Fadlon, Moshe (The Honorable)
Fainberg, Alisa (Dr.)
Faktor, Natalie
Falk, Ophir (Dr.)
Falk, Ophir (Dr.)
Falkov, Yaacov (Dr.)
Feith, Douglas J. (H.E.)
Fenech, Georges (MP)
Fernandez, Alberto M. (H.E)
Fidler, David P. (Prof.)
Fighel, Jonathan (Col. Ret.)
Fine, Jonathan (Dr.) Z"L
Fink, Louis
Fisher, Lauren
Fishman, Brian
Fleisher, Blake
Fox, Jonathan (Prof.)
Fox, Yehuda, (Brig. Gen.)
Frampton, Martyn (Dr.)
Frayman, Amir
Fried, Itzhak (Prof.)
Friedland, Nehemia (Prof.)
Friedman, M. David (Amb.)
Friedman, M. David (Amb.)
Friedmann, Robert (Prof.)
G. (Col.)
Gabbay, Avi (H.E)
Gal, Danit
Gal, Reuvan (Dr.)
Galant, Yoav (H.E MK)
Galily, Yair (Prof.)
Gambill, Gary C.
Ganani, Ehud (Dr.)
Ganor, Boaz (Prof.)
Ganor, Dan
Gartenstein-Ross, Daveed (Dr.)
Gaub, Florence
Gautier, Frédérique
Gefen, Zohar (Mr.)
Geiger, Greg
Gelao, Nicola (Maj. Gen.)
Geller, Shulamit (Dr.)
Gerbat, Oran
Gerencir, Haston
Gershon, Ramy
Getahun, Nava
Giannoulis, Alexis
Giat, Segev Sagi
Gilady, Eival (Brig.Gen. Res.)
Gill, K.P.S.
Gilon, Carmi
Glavin, Terry
Gleicher, Cary
Golan Maimon (Brig. Gen Res.)
Goldberg, Ori (Dr.)
Golden, Justin
Goldfarb, Arielle
Goldstein, Gadi
Gonen, Yossi (Brig. Gen. Ret.)
Gordon, Avishag
Gorka, Sebastian (Dr.)
Greenberg, Michael D.
Grommes, Friedrich
Groppi, Michele
Groppi, Michele (Dr.)
Groppi, Michele (Dr.)
Guang, Pan (Dr.)
Guillermo Fremd
Guiora, Amos N. (Prof.)
Gunaratna , Rohan (Prof.)
Gus, Arie
Gutman, Uri (Amb.)
Haas, Harald (Prof.)
Haberfeld, Danielle
Halevi, Herzl (Herzi) (Maj. Gen.)
Halevi, Jonathan D.
Halevy, Oded (Col. Ret.)
Halperin Wernli, Miri (Dr.)
Halpern, Pinchas (Prof.)
Hamel, Todd (Lt. Col.)
Handman, Etai
Harari, Shalom (Brig. Gen. Ret.)
Harel, Ben
Harel, Dror (Dr.)
Harris , Emma J.
Harris, David A.
Hasnain, Syed Ata (Lt. Gen. Ret.)
Hason, Ofir
Hassner, Ron (Prof.)
Hasson, Yoel (Former Knesset member)
Haydon, Dean (Commander)
Heaton, Steven D.
Hecker, Steve
Hellenthal, Markus (Dr.)
Herren, Eric
Herzog, Isaac (MK)
Higgins Sainz, Celia
Hilel, Eliezer
Hirsch, Gal (Brig. Gen. Res.)
Hirsch-Hoefler, Sivan (Dr.)
Hoeft, Gabriel
Hofer, Max
Hoffman, Aaron (Prof.)
Hoffman, Bruce (Prof.)
Hoffman, Ronen (Dr.)
Hogan-Howe, Bernard (Sir)
Honig, Kenneth D.
Horoweitz, Sheike (Brig. Gen. Ret.)
Horowitz, Moshe
Horowitz, Sarit
Horst, Frank
Housen-Couriel, Deborah (Adv.)
Howard, Russell (Brig. Gen. Ret.)
Hoyt, Timothy (Prof.)
Hughes, Seamus
Humire, Joseph
Iacovou, Christos
ICT Researchers
ICT Staff
ICT16
ICTR
Idan, Avinoam (Dr.)
IDC Herzelyian
Ilan, Ehud
Inbar, Efraim (Prof.)
Inbari, Pinhas
Iran and Shi'ite Terrorism Desk
Iserovich, Hayim (Dr.)
Iskow, Elizabeth
Israel Defense Forces
Israel Foreign Ministry
Israel Security Agency (Shabak)
Israel, Eran (Dr.)
Israeli, Raphael
Israeli, Zipi (Dr.)
Issacharoff, Avi
Iván J. Cintrón Guzmán
Ivanov, Eduard (Prof.)
Jablon, Brian
Jager, Avi
Jager, Avi (Dr.)
Jasso, Caleb
Javedanfar, Meir
Jayasekara, Shanaka
Jebb, Cindy (Brig. Gen. Dr.)
Jenkins, Brian
JMG Desk
Jo jo
Joost Tillemans
Joshi, Sharad
Jurden, Maddie
Kahati, Yoram (Dr.)
Kalo, Avi (ADV., Lt. Col. Res.)
Kalo, Ezekiel (Hezi)
Kandel, Ela
Kaniak, Benny (Lt. Gen. Ret.)
Karagiannis, Emmanuel
Karmon, Ely (Dr.)
Kasher, Asa (Prof.)
Katabi, Shlomi (Maj. Gen. Ret.)
Katz, Israel (H.E. MK)
Katz, Yaakov
Kaye, Dalia Dassa (Dr.)
Kearney, Olivia
Kelvington, Michael R.
Keneally, Drew
Kenkel, John (LTC)
Kfir, Isaac (Dr.)
Khan, Irit (Adv.)
Khan, Jehangir (Dr.)
Khan, Shirin
Kimani, Martin (Amb. Dr.)
King, Matthew H. (The Honorable)
Klein, Morton
Klinger, Ofra (Lt. Gen. Ret.)
Klisman, Guy
Knler, Anbar
Knoechelmann, Maike
Knoope, Peter
Koch, Ariel (Dr.)
Kogan, Yuri
Kohl, Avi (Dr.)
Koren, David (Dr.)
Koren, Haim (Amb.)
Kornguth, Steve (Prof.)
Kotra, Jonathan F.
Kozolovski, Nimrod (Dr.)
Kramer, Martin
Krause, Joachim (Prof.)
Kreiner, Erez
Kritzman, Tally
Krongard, Alexander L. (Rear Admiral)
Kroupenev, Artem
Kuperwasser, Yossi (Brig. Gen. Res.)
Kurkaa, Manuela
Kurz, Anat (Dr.)
Laborde, Jean-Paul (Judge)
Lacker, Danny (Mr.)
Lahav, Nati Lt. Col. (Ret)
Lailari, Guermantes “G-Man”
Lailari, Guermantes, "G-Man"
Lakshman, Kanchan
Landau, Edan
Landau, Uzi (Dr.)
Lane, Heidi E. (Dr.)
Lanir, Zvi
Lapid, Yair (H.E. MK)
Lappin, Yaakov
Lavon, Yoram P. (Chief Superintendent ret.)
Leibovich, Avital (Lt. Col. Res.)
Leichtman, Jakob
Leifer, Bryan
Lempel, Itzhak
Leonardo, Sanchez (Lt. Col.)
Leppard, Adrian
Leser, Omri
Levanon, Ariel
Levanon, Itzhak (Amb.)
Levi, Nitzan
Levin, Reuven (Dr.)
Levitt, Matthew (Dr.)
Levy, Dan
Levy, Ido
Levy, Lila
Levy, Udi (Dr.)
Lewin, Eyal (Dr.)
Lewis, Jon
Libman, Liron (Col. Ret.)
Librati, Assaf (Colonel. Res)
Lieberman, Avigdor (The Honorable MK)
Likuski, Anne (Dr.)
Limor, Dani
Linde, Steve
Lindeman, Brent W. (Lt. Col.)
Linder, Deanna
Litvak, Meir (Dr.)
Litvak, Meir (Prof.)
Liv, Nadine
Livne, Aryeh
Livni, Tzipi (MK)
Longust, Jeff
Lopez-Soto, Misael
Lorbert, Yoav
Lorenz, Akiva
Lotan, Lior (Col. Res. Adv.)
Luft, Gal
Lutzky, Dov (Maj. Gen. Ret.) Z"L
Lyons, Deborah (Amb.)
Maher, Shiraz
Makov, Eran (Col. Res.)
Maliach, Assaf (Dr.)
Manciulli, Andrea (MP H.E)
Mann, Yossi (Dr.)
Maor-Hirsh, Sigalit
Margalit, Liraz (Dr.)
Margolin, Devorah
Margolin, Ephraim
Marks, Joel
Martelli, Adelaide
Marzan, Ronit (Dr.)
Marzuk, Moshe (Lt. Col. Res.)
Matias, Shavit (Dr.)
May
Mazalian, David
Mazooz, Gabriel
Mehta, Ashok K. (Gen.)
Meigs, Montgomery C. (Gen.)
Mektić, Dragan (H.E)
Melnick, Rafi (Prof.)
Menashri, David (Prof.)
Menashri, Harel (Dr.)
Merari, Ariel (Prof.)
Meridor, Dan
Michael Borchard (Dr.)
Michael, Kobi (Dr.)
Mihaylov, Dimitar (Amb.)
Miller, Elissa
Milo, Roni (H.E)
Mimran, Yoav
Mintz, Alex (Prof.)
Mir, Amir
Mirkinm, Dan (Dr.)
Mirviss, Sophie
Mishal, Shaul (Prof.)
Mistretta, Monica
Mladenov, Nickolay (H.E.)
Moed, Iddo
Mofaz, Shaul (MK Lt. Gen. Ret.)
Mofaz, Shlomo (Col. Res.)
Moghadam, Assaf (Prof.)
Mohanty, Tushar Ranjan
Monette, Denis
Monty, Sagi
Mordechai, Hagai (Brig.Gen. Res)
Morel, Benoît (Prof.)
Moro, Daniele (Dr.)
Morris, Blair
Mr. Kappenman, John
Multiple Authors
Murad Waiss, Danielle
Musharbash, Yassin
Myers, Christine
N., Oz
Naftali Granot
Natalie D. Crone
Navarrete, Manuel
Nderitu, George
Neumann, Peter (Prof.)
Neville-Jones, Pauline (Rt. Hon. Baroness)
Nikolić, Aleksandar (H.E)
Ningthoujam, Alvite Singh
Nitzan, Shai (Adv.)
Norell, Magnus (Dr.)
Normak, Magnus
Novotny, Perry, Esq.
Nuriel, Nitzan (Brig. Gen. Res.)
Online Course
Orgad, Liav (Prof.)
Oseran, Shai
Paďourek, Jan
Paganini, Pierluigi (Mr.)
Page, Jacqueline
Pantucci, Rafaello (Dr.)
Paris, Jonathan
Parrino ,Roger (Comm.)
Parthasarathy, G.
Parzen, Jacob
Passig, David (Prof.)
Pavel, Tal (Dr.)
Paz, Nathan (Col. Res.)
Paz, Reuven (Dr.) Z"L
Peiris, G. H.
Peled, Rafi (Brig. Gen. Ret.)
Peleg, Shuki
Pelham, Nicolas
Peres, Shimon (The Honorable)
Perliger, Arie (Dr.)
Perri, Smadar
Perry, Yaakov (MK)
Phadke, Ramesh
Pham, J. Peter
Pindyck, Shira
Pipes, Daniel
Pohl, Johanna
Pollock, David (Dr.)
Popovich, Elad
Porat, Ran (Dr.)
Price, Bryan C. (LTC)
Pries-Shimshi, Yael
Prince El Hassan bin Talal (HRH)
Probst, Peter S.
Pues, Viktoria
Pulwer, Robert
Qing, Zhou
Quiggin, Thomas
Rabi, Uzi (Prof.)
Radlauer, Don
Radzinski, Jay
Rajiv, Samuel C.
Raman, B.
Ramana, Siddharth
Ranstorp, Magnus (Dr.)
Rasmussen, Nicholas J.
Raz, Oded
Raza, Raheel
Rebecca Brattskar
Regev, Nir
Reichard, Ariel
Reichman, Uriel (Prof.)
Reinares, Fernando (Prof.)
Reisner, Daniel (Col. Res. Adv.)
Rhode, Harold (Dr.)
Rhodes, Darion
Rich, Dave
Richemond-Barak, Daphné (Dr.)
Ridge, Thomas J. (H.E.)
Ritzmann, Alexander
Rogan, Randall G. (Prof.)
Rokah, Doron
Romach, Shimon
Ron, Gai
Ron, Guy
Ronen, Dan (Maj. Gen. Res.)
Rooks, Kane
Rose, Gregory (Prof.)
Rosen, Jacob (Amb.)
Rosen, Yaron
Ross, Shani
Rostow, Nicholas (Dr.)
Rotem, Yuval (Amb.)
Rothe, Chris
Rothschild, Lauren
Rothschild, Lauren
Rotter, Arie (Adv.)
Rowley, Mark (Asst. Comm.)
Rubinstein, Joram
Rudesheim, Frederick S. (LTG)
Ruqaiyah, Abu (Dr.)
Ryan Smith
Sabol, Jozef (Dr.)
Sabo-Walsh, Stefan
Sageman, Marc (Prof.)
Sagiv, Yariv (Adv.)
Sahni, Ajai
Sales, Nathan (Prof.)
Samia, Yom-Tov (Maj. Gen. Res. Dr.)
Sammie Wicks
Samuel, Katja (Dr.)
Samuels, Shimon (Dr.)
Santabarbara, Lucia
Saranga, David
Sasportas, Sharon (Col. Res.)
Sasson, Shmuel
Satloff, Robert (Dr.)
Schanzer, Jonathan (Dr.)
Scharia, David (Dr.)
Scheiner, Dana
Schenker, David
Schenosky, Joseph
Scher, Gideon
Scherf, Aharon
Schindler, Hans-Jakob (Dr.)
Schmid, Alex (Prof.)
Schmitt, Michael (Prof.)
Schnitt, Jonathan
Schorr, Eric J.
Schwartz, R.
Schwartz, Rachel
Schwarz, Ivo (Amb.)
Schweitzer, Yoram
Scremin, Nicolò
Scuto, Valeria
Seener, Barak
Segall, Michael (Lt. Col. Ret.)
Seidman, Nicolas
Sela, Avraham (Prof.)
Serrano, Pedro
Shadach, Eran (Dr.)
Shah, Surendra (Inspector Ret.)
Shahar, Yael
Shahin, Sultan
Shai, Nachman (Brig. Gen. (Res) Dr.)
Shaked, Ayelet (H.E MK)
Shaked, Gadi (Prof.)
Shamir, Eitan (Dr.)
Shamir, Ron
Shamir, Shira
Shapira, Shmuel (Prof.)
Shapiro, Daniel B. (Amb.)
Sharon, Omri
Shavit, Michal (Dr.)
Shavit, Shabtai
Shay, Shaul (Dr.)
Shelah, Ofer (H.E. MK)
Sheldon, Danielle
Shenar, Danny
Shenhar, Gilead (Col. Ret.)
Shenhar, Gilead Col. (Res.)
Shenhar,Gilead (Gili) (Col. (Ret.)
Sherman, Maya
Sherman, Ran, Col. (Res.),
Shiner, Rory
Shmilovich, Pinhas
Shoval, Shabtai
Shteir, Dani
Shugg, Charles (Brig. Gen. Ret.)
Shuter, Yehudit
Silberberg, Leah
Simpson, Emile
Sinai, Joshua
Singh, Ajit
Singh, Ajit Kumar
Singh, S. Binodkumar
Sinha, Amar (Amb.)
Situation Room
Skidmore, J.
Small, Charles Asher (Dr.)
Smith, Chip
Smith, Mike
Smith, Samuel A.
Sofaer, Abraham D.
Soffer, Chilik (Dr. Col. Res.)
Sofrin, Amnon (Brig. Gen. Ret.)
Solheim, Kent G. (LTC)
Sommer, Hillel
Southers, Erroll G. (Dr.)
Speyer, Lea
Spyer, Jonathan (Dr.)
Stahl, A.E.
Staniforth, Andrew (Det. Inspector)
Steinbach, Michael B.
Steinberg, Gerald (Prof.)
Steinberg, James B.
Steinberg, Matti
Steiner, Tommy
Steinitz, Yuval (The Honorable MK Dr.)
Stenzler-Koblentz, Liram (Dr.)
Stern, Elazar (MK Maj. Gen. Res.)
Stern, Jessica (Prof.)
Streusand, Douglas E.
Stromza, Tsahi
Sugiono, Muhadi
Sutherland, Alistair (Asst. Comm.)
Svetlova, Ksenia (Former Knesset member)
Tadmor, Boaz (Dr.)
Tal, Avner (Adv.)
Tanter, Raymond (Prof.)
Tarbutton, Scott (Adv.)
Tardivo, Giada
Tayloe, Brittany
Teich, Sarah
Teitelbaum, Joshua (Prof.)
Terdiman, Moshe (Dr.)
Terror and Psychology Desk
Terror and the Media
Terzi, Giulio (Amb.)
Timianker, Omri
Tiwari, Aaditya (Mr.)
Tkachenko, Vladimir (Col.)
Tomes, Robert (Dr.)
Tony Kay (Deputy Ambassador)
Tool, Gabriel
Toorgeman, Itzik (Lt. Col. Res.)
Tordjman, Nir
Toronto, Nathan W.
Trevisi, A. F.
Trifunovic, Darko (Dr.)
Troy, Gil (Prof.)
Turgeman, Shlomo "Sami" (Maj. Gen.)
Tzafrir, Eliezer (Geizi)
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The Double Game of Hizballah
01/04/2005 | by Karmon, Ely (Dr.)
On March 10, the European Parliament finally branded Hizballah a terrorist group, urged the EU Council to take action against the organization and renewed a call for Syria to withdraw its troops and intelligence services from Lebanon.
Hizballah is an odd religious and political movement: it was born of terrorism in the 1980s, developed guerrilla warfare capabilities in the 1990s, and, by the beginning of the new millennium, had matured into an important Middle East strategic player, capable of influencing the course of peace and war in the region.
During the 1980s Hizballah killed hundreds of people in terrorist attacks against Western targets: the bombings of the U.S. embassy in Beirut in 1983 and 1984; the twin 1983 suicide attacks on U.S. and French peace forces in Beirut. In a 1998 interview, Mustapha Tlass, the ex-Syrian minister of Defense, boasted that he gave the green light to the Islamic organizations to act against the American and French forces in Lebanon. However, he said, facetiously, he did not permit operations against the Italians because he was enamored of the Italian film star, Gina Lolobrigida!
Hizballah’s activities were global in reach. In Europe, France and Spain were its major targets. In 1985 - 1986 Hizballah was linked to 13 bombings in Paris against shopping centers, rail stations, and trains, which killed 13 people and wounded more than 250. On April 12, 1985, 18 Spaniards were killed and 27 people injured in a Hizballah bomb attack on the El Descanso restaurant, near the U.S. Air Force base in Torrejon.
Hizballah also attacked Arab states and their citizens - Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Bahrain - and American and French targets in these countries, in cooperation by the way with militants of the Iraqi Dawa Party, the same party that today could lead the new Iraqi government.
Hizballah’s participation in the 1992 Lebanese parliamentary elections, and the Israeli unilateral withdrawal from southern Lebanon in May 2000 led analysts to predict that Hizballah would transform itself into a “normal” Lebanese political party.
However, Hizballah continued to consider terrorism a strategic tool and a religious duty, part of a “global jihad.” It was behind the two deadliest terrorist attacks in South America’s history: the bombings of the Israeli embassy in March 1992 and the Jewish community center (AMIA) in Buenos Aires in July 1994, killing 130 people; in 1996, it supported the Saudi Hizballah’s bombing of the Khobar Towers U.S. military complex in Saudi Arabia. In the 1990s, Hizballah unsuccessfully attempted to attack U.S. and Israeli ships docked in Singapore and the Israeli embassy in Bangkok, Thailand.
Even Osama bin Laden cited Hizballah’s 1983 suicide bombing of the U.S. Marine barracks in Beirut as the first “American defeat” by Islamist radicals.
Since October 2000, Hizballah supported the Palestinian terrorist campaign against Israel, in coordination with Syria and Iran, by providing training, logistical and operational support. Hizballah also put forth a significant effort toward establishing an independent terrorist and intelligence infrastructure inside both the Palestinian Authority and Israel. On the military front, the organization continued its cross-border attacks against Israeli forces in the Shebaa Farms area and expanded its arsenal of weaponry, acquiring thousands of rockets and missiles capable of reaching a greater number of Israeli targets.
In the last year, Hizballah has been behind some 70% of the terrorist attacks by radical Palestinians factions. Since the death of Yasser Arafat in November 2004 and the new Palestinian leadership’s attempts to renew negotiations with Israel on the background of the decision on unilateral withdrawal from Gaza, Hizballah has become a direct threat to the peace and reform processes. According to Palestinian Authority sources, Hizballah offered up to $100,000 to Fatah and Hamas activists in the West Bank and Gaza Strip to carry out a suicide attack against Israel. They also expressed fear that Hizballah and Iran were planning to kill PA Chairman Mahmoud Abbas in order to thwart attempts to revive the peace process.
Iran’s massive support for Hizballah has helped the organization to maintain pressure on Israel’s northern border and facilitate assistance to the Palestinian Islamist organizations.
Nevertheless, Syria - not Iran - has been the most important source of support for Hizballah’s activity against Israel, by providing a strategic umbrella, military and political coordination, and pressure on Beirut to give the organization free rein in southern Lebanon. This odd alliance between the secular Baathist regime of Syria, which killed 20,000 Syrian Muslim Brothers in 1982, and the jihadist Hizballah, transformed the latter into a strategic partner and operational arm of the Syrian army in confrontation with Israel.
Moreover, the balance of power between Damascus and Hizballah has shifted noticeably during the young Bashar Asad’s reign, with Hassan Nasrallah assuming greater independence and demonstrating a certain charismatic ascendancy.
The massive Beirut pro-Syrian demonstration, a Hizballah operation, included mainly Shiites bused from the slums of southern Beirut, but also Syrians in buses which crossed the frontier between the two countries. It offered a defiant challenge to the Lebanese opposition forces that have insisted on Syrian withdrawal and exposed fault lines of class and ideology. However, for the first time Hizballah was cautious not to use its own yellow flags and armed militia on the streets.
It is on this background that one must understand Hizballah’s support for the continuation of the Syrian presence in Lebanon. Hizballah leaders want to continue their double game as a legitimate Lebanese party and a radical Islamist organization which strives to Islamize the country, to destroy Israel, to expel all Western presence in the Arab and Muslim world through armed struggle. The Syrian withdrawal would position Hizballah as the next target and jeopardize its plans.
Nonetheless, if the internal and international pressure will continue, it is reasonable to accept the view expressed by the Lebanese opposition leader Jibran Tuweini, as cited by the New York Times: “This is a goodbye party, not a show of support for Syria…If they wanted this to be a challenge to us, they would have brought their party's yellow flags. But Hezbollah doesn't want to burn its bridges with anyone because ultimately they will have to return to the Lebanese people once everything is over.”
The huge March 13 Beirut counter-demonstration in Martyrs Square by the Lebanese opposition gathered according to some estimates more than one million Christians, Sunnis and Druzes and represents a dramatic and potent challenge to Syria, the pro-Syrian Lebanese government and its Hizballah ally.